Method of and means for feeding carbureted air to internal-combustion engines



Mar. 6, 1923. 1,447,398

W. F. PAGEL METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR FEEDING CARBURETED AIR TO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed July 15, 1918 2 sheet s-sheet 1 7771 Page I JA MMK mm 2 sheets-sheet 2 Mar. 6, 1923. Y

W. F. PAGEL METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR FEEDING CARBURETED AIR TO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed July 15, 1918 Patented Mar. 6, 1923.

um ren s'rA'rEs PATENT own-ca.

WILLIAM I. PAGEL, 0F SYCAMORE, ILLINOIS. I

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR FEEDING CARBUBETED AIR Tb INTERNAL- COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed my 15,

Means for Feeding Carbureted Air to Inter- IHIl-COIIlbIlStlOIl Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and'exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements 1n method of and means for feeding liquid fuel to internal combustion engines, and has special reference to engines of the two-cycle t e.

The object of iny invention is -to provide an improved method and means'for the purpose specified,'or, in other words, for preva orizing liquid fuel for such engines.

further object of my inventionis to provide a carburetor of simple design, whereby I can best practice my method of feeding hydro-carbon oil fuel into the base of twocycle internal. combustion engines from a reservoir at a lower level which shall insure the feeding of the fuel in a finely divided or pre-vaporized condition; which shall include the suction of the liquid from a reservoir at a lower level and its propulsion into an intermediate chamber where it is admixed with a relatively small quantity of air, and then its suction into the base of the engine and its mixture with a greater quantity of air.

My invention consists in a method of prevaporizing liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which consists in projecting the. liquid into a relatively small chamber wherein it is mixed with a relatively small quantity of air, in the form of mist or a vapor ized condition, then drawing 'this mixture into the engine with anadded quantity of air, whereby the small particles or atoms of liquid both in vaporized and liquid form produced in the'small chamber are so widely separated that the possibility of reforming liquid drops of any substantial size is practically eliminated. a

My invention also consists in a carburetor for application upon and to an internal combustion engine of the two-cycle type, by means of which the liquid fuel is lifted 1918. Serial N0. 244,988.

drawing forming part of this specification and in which;

Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of an engine of the two-cycle type, equipped with a carburetor which portrays the best form which I have yet devised of a carburetor suitable for practicing my invention; y

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the carburetor;

Figure 3 is a vertical section of the carburetor, on the line 3,3 of Figure 1 with the air regulator removed;

Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 4-4 of Figure 1; and

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view substantiall on the line 5-5 of Figure 2, the air regu ator being in place.

The carburetor de icted in the drawings is typical of a suitable carburetor for carrying my improved method into effect, and the carburetor therein shown discloses my invention relatively to carburetors.

In said drawing 1 is a one cylinder two cycle engine, havmg a cylinder 2, a crank case 3, and a crank shaft 4. The engine is mounted upon a hollow base 5, in which I store the liquid fuel such as gasoline for use in the engine. Y

My carburetor 7, which I secure on the crank case 3, comprises a casing 8 provided with a vertically extending cylindrical chamber 9, closedat its lower end by an integral wall 10 and at its upper end by a screw threaded plug 11. I divide this chamber into an upper part 12 and a lower part 13 and then upon the sucby means of a valve 14,'which is held down communication with the interior of the crank case by means of the passage 19, and the opening in the wall of the crank case with which the mouth of the passage 19 regthe en ine on its outward stroke produces a artiaIvacuum in the crank case and on the 'thei' hand on its inward stroke produces more or less pressure therein. The valve 6 'g'prevents any excess either of\ vacuum or 1": Hpressure,

The lower chamber 13 .is in direct and w free communication with an air inlet pas- I sage 21 which is provided with means for regulating the quantity of air to be admitted to the chamber 13.

I connect-the lower chamber 13 with the fuel supply through a small horizontal passage 22 controlled by'a needle valve 23 which is adjustably mounted in a threaded open- 4 1 ing 24 in the casing 8. The needle valve 23 is of peculiar construction, being rather 'bluntl 1. -threa ed on its periphery to fit the threaded conical in shape and its base 25 is opening 24. The stem 26 of the valve is much smaller in diameter than the base of the head and I guide this stem and pack it against the escape of gas in a guide sleeve 27 ,screwed into the outer end of the opening 24 and provided, on its outer end, with a packing nut28, between which and the end of the sleeve 27, I provide packing 29. I

-' substantially conform the forward end 30 of the opening 24 with the coned shape of the valve 23, so that when the valve 23 is adjusted nearly to the point of closing the passage'22 there is provided a conical shell like space 31, Slll'l'OllIldiIlg the head of the valve. I connect this space 31, between its ends, with the fuel oil-reservoir by means of a depending pipe 32, which I secure in the lower side of the casing 8 and which is long enoughto reach nearly to the bottom of the base 5 of the engine. I connect the threaded opening 33, which receives the pipe 32 to the space 31 by a small passage 34 which enters such spacebetween the ends thereof. I provide the lower end of the pipe 32 with a check orfoot valve 35 comprising a casing 36 screwed on to the lower end of the pipe and provided with a ball check valve 37. I provide a sma-llinlet passage 38 below the check valve and to prevent the entrance of extraneous matter I surround the casing 35 with a cylindrical wire screen 39, reducing the diameter of the casing beneath the screen to provide the cylindrical suction space 40.

To lift the fuel oil through the pipe 32 I connect the chamber 24 with the "upper chamber 12 by means of a small passage 41 between the ends of which I provide a small ball check valve 42 which prevents the flow ,light spray or mist.

offluid'from the valve chamber 24 to the chamber 12 and permits ressure in the chamber 12 toenter the. va ve chamber 24.

Upon the inward stroke of the piston, of the engine, pressure is produced in the crank casewhich 1s communicated to the chamber 9 and tends to press the valve 14 upon its seat. The ressure also asses through the passage 41 eneath the c eck valve 42 into the valve chamber 24.. I make use 'of this pressure to lift the fuel oilby providing a ve small, central, needle-like passage 43 in the valve 23, which communicates with the chamber 24 through -a lateral passage 44 in the stem 26 of the valve. The air or gas which is driven into the valve chamber 24, when the pressure is produced in the crank I case, causes the needle valve 23 to act as an ejector or injector and produces a slight vacuum in the space 31 surounding the valve 23, suflicient to raise the liquid fuel through the pipe 32 and the passage 34 and into the space 31, from which it isdrawn and driven into thelower chamber 13 in the form of a The rojection of the liquid fuel into the lower 0 amber 13 is momentarily only and does not endure long enough to project any fuel up through the inlet passage 21. Upon the return or outward stroke of the piston. of the engine, a partial vacuum is created in the crank base which immediately exhausts the upper chamber 12 and the air pressure enters through the air inlet 21, over comes the tension of the spring 17, lifting the valve '14, and the air-is then drawn through the air inlet 21 and the lower chamber 13, carrying with it the charge of fuel. just previously projected into the lower chamber 13.

For regulating the quantity of air admitted through the air inlet 21 and for the purpose of priming the engine when starting, I provide a cap 45 for the outer end of the air inlet passage 21; This cap 45 is internallyscrew threaded to screw upon the nozzle 46 through which the passage21 extends andI provide air admission openings" 47 in the side wall of the cap 45, communieating with the interior 48 of the cap, The amount of air admitted to the passage 21 is adjusted by screwing the cap 45 up and down. For priming-the engine, or in other words producing a very rich fuel mixture, I admit very little free air. This is accom- 120 plished by screwing the cap 45 down nearly as far as it will go. For convenience in adjusting the cap 45 and for retaining it in its adjusted position I provide the valve rod 49 in the form of a heavy wire which I project through the wall at the outer end of the cap and the inner end of the rod pro-' -jects down into the passage 21. I rigidly the rod 49. I project the ends 52 of the spring wire .51 outwardly so that they contact with the wall of the passage 21 with suflicient friction to prevent the vibration of .the engine, ca 45.

y means of my improved carburetor 1 when running, turning the am enabled-to practice my improved method,

of feeding pre-vaporized liquid fuel to a two-cycle engine, which method consists in forcibly injecting the fuel oil by means of gas into achamber in the form of a light mist or vapor, where the fuel is mixed with a relatively small quantity of air, then drawing the mixture into the base of the engine and admixing the mixture with a larger quantity of air, as it is thus drawn into the en me.

s many modifications of my invention will readily suggest themselves to one skilled-in the art I do not limit or confine my invention to the specific steps or structures herein shown and described.

I claim:

1. The herein described'method of carbureti'ng air and feeding it to an internal combustion engine, which consists in forcibly projecting a gaseous mixture, into a'relatively small space, through an ejector by the action of the engine piston, the ejector connected to a source of supply of liquid .fuel whereby a measured quantity of liquid fuel is drawn through the ejector and is broken up into a fine mist-like cloud and the relatively small space is filled with a rich mixture, then successively drawing free air through said relatively small space into the crankcase of the engine by the action of the engine piston whereby the rich mixture is diluted and mixed with the free air, then by the action of the engine piston drawing the diluted mixture into the cy1inder of the engine for combustion purposes. 2. The herein described improvement comprising a two-cycle internal combustion engine crank case, 1n combinatlon w1th a IIllX- ing chamber havlng valve controlled com- -munication therewith, pressure fuel inject ing means in communication with the crank case, adapted .to'project liquid fuel into said chamber, the valve controlling communica-.

tion between the chamber and the crank case being adapted to be opened by suction from the crank case, and said chamber having an air inlet. V

3. In a carburetor for use on a two-cycle internal combustion engine, and adapted to deliver fuel into the crank case thereof, said carburetor having a carbureting chamber divided into two parts by a spring con trolled suction valve, the part beneath the valve havingsa freely open air inlet the associated with said passage for feeding fuel oil into the part beneath the valve through said passa e, saidvalve being adapted to be lifted or opening communicatlon 'between the part beneath the valve and the crank case bv suction from the crank case. 4. In a carburetor for a two-cycle engine,

a carburetor chamber divided into two parts by a suction valve, the part above the valve adapted for communication with the crank case of an engine, the part below the valve provided with an open air inlet, arelatively small passage connecting the two parts around the valve, a fuel oil injector interposed'in said passage adapted when pressure is produced above said valve to eject liquid fuel in the form of a spray or mist thru said small passage into the space below the valve, said suction valve being adapted to be opened when a vacuum is produced in the crank case and p rmit such fuel and air from said air inlet to enter the crank case.

5. A two cycle internal combusion engine in combination with a carburetor including an injector, for delivering fuel to a carbureting chamber, comprising a coned head arranged in a similarly coned chamber and- 'carbur'eting chamber at intervals, and a fuel feed inlet entering said space between the ends thereof and leading'to a lower level fuel supply for feeding liquid fuel into said 'fiompressed air as same flows into said chamer. a

6. In a carburetor, a carbureting chamber adapted to have liquid fuel forced thereinto at intervals by means of compressed air, an upwardly extending air inlet passage leading into said chamber, a cap adapted to close the outer end of said air inlet passage and provided with adjustable air inlet openings in combination with means for causing air to flow to the carburetor through said inlet passage alternately to the projection of fuel into said chamber.

7. The herein described improvement, comprising a two cycle internal combustion engine crank case, in combination with a mixing chamber having valve controlled communication therewith, pressure fuel injecting means in communication with the crank case, adapted to project liquid fuel into said chamber, a valve controlling communication between the chamber and the crank case-being" adapted tobe .o ned by.

, in chamberfhavingf an airinlet mclined 'up- .bu'reting air and feedin it" to an" internal consists in, interv mittehtly-pr01ecting 'a. stream, of gaseous suction from the crank case, sai

.wardly therefrom, and means for-adjusting said'inlet to controlor stopthe flow of-ai ,v

therethrough.

, 8. A two cycle internal combustion engine; having a closed crank case, in combination with air carbureting means comprising, a mixing chamber in free communication with the crank case, a second mixing chamber in free communication with the atmos here, a check valve opened by suction within the crank case controlling communication be-' tween said chambers, a bypass of small bore connecting said chambers, aliquid fuel feed communicating with said by-pass, an injector associated with said by-pass for projecting li uid fuel from said fuel feed into said secon chamber upon the pressure stroke of the engine, and means preventing thedrawing of liquid fuel through the by-pass into of the en e.-" a v ,9, The 7 herein described. method of carcom'bustion'vengine, whic he -uppertcharnher; upon" thelfsuction are mixture from the-crank case of an engine by the'action of theengine piston, drawing liquid fuel from asource of supply by said pro'ected stream and forcing it into a relative by fi ling said spac with fuel in finely atomized form and air in the from of a rich mix smallsubstantially closed space thereture,inter mittentl drawing free air through said space into-a arger space by the action of the engine piston thereby diluting said rich mixture, and finally from said larger space into the cylinder of the engine.

7 In witness whereof .I hereunto subscribe my name this 14th day of June, A. D. 1918.

.- WILLIAM F. 'PAGEL. 

